For the sake of this article let's assume you have an good quality carbon fiber road bike such as a Kuota Kharma with Sram Rival. It's not freaky high end by any means but a good solid bike. You love how it rides but now want to make it faster. Do you need to get a new frame or upgrade your groupo? What about wheels? Will a stiffer crank give you more speed? If I make my bike lighter, how much faster will I be?
While citizen obsess over weight the best ways to faster are put out more power, reduce rolling drag and reduce wind drag. The three upgrades I recommend cover these areas
Hybrid Sports Bike
Here's the 3 tool upgrades to make your road bike faster.
Rotor Q-Rings
These are non-round rings that have been optimized to match the power curve of your legs. The road version have 5 settings so you can adjust the position of the power stroke. A easy chainring upgrade will yield a power increase of 4-5% and a decrease in fatigue. This is one of my favourite upgrades as you observation it from the first ride. You have just a minuscule more going up hill and it never feels like your are pedaling squares no matter how tired you get.
Tires
Most road bikes come with relatively cheap tires. The stock tires have a lower thread count to the casing and denser, slower rolling rubber. Upgrading your tires can make a big disagreement in both speed and the ride quality of your bike. Now there are a amount of high quality clincher tires that roll fast and are pretty puncture resistant. My favourite is the Kenda C2C 700 X 23mm. They are light, roll fast and have good puncture resistance. The best part is they are half the price of comparable tires from other brands.
Wheels
Most road bikes have pretty heavy wheels that come stock on them. A lot of clubs put the Mavic Aksiums which are pretty tough but they weigh a ton. In expanding to the weight, most stock wheels aren't very aerodynamic. What a bad combination. Upgrading to a deeper aero wheel set that is also lighter will feel like a totally distinct bike. For speed the deeper the best up to nearby 60mm. Beyond that will be good for time trials and triathlons but be harsh riding and poor in cross winds. Rims this deep will practically always be make of carbon fiber. This allows clubs to make deep rims are still light. Good options are available from Edge Composites, Zipp and Spinergy. Expect to pay a lot more for a set of carbon fiber wheels but they are lighter for the hill climbs and much more aerodynamic the rest of the time. And on top of it all the deep wheels look cool.
A set of 58 mm deep aero wheels will be a join minutes faster over 40 km. This will make a disagreement in both long road races and crits.
Summary
Increase power output, reduce rolling resistance and cut wind drag. These areas will give you the most bang for your bike buck. As you can see none of this is focused on weight as a pound makes very minuscule disagreement on flat to rolling terrain. If you climb the mountains then a bit of weight off your bike will make a disagreement but until you can see your abs, don't worry about the weight of your bike.
Top 3 Ways to Make Your Road Bike Faster